# Data sources Upright net impact model synthesises information from a wide range of public data sources. In addition to [extracting causal links from scientific articles](https://docs.uprightplatform.com/methodology/net-impact/overview-of-the-upright-net-impact-model/extraction-of-causal-links-from-scientific-literature), data sources are used as input data to [value chain allocation](https://docs.uprightplatform.com/methodology/net-impact/overview-of-the-upright-net-impact-model/allocation-of-impact-across-value-chains), [estimating company product mixes](https://docs.uprightplatform.com/methodology/net-impact/overview-of-the-upright-net-impact-model/estimation-of-company-product-mixes), [weighting of impacts](https://docs.uprightplatform.com/methodology/net-impact/weighting-of-impacts) and calibrating the magnitudes of impacts for products and services. Examples of utilised data sources are listed below. | Data set | Source | Description | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Scientific articles | [Core](https://core.ac.uk/) | World’s largest open-access database for scientific articles consisting of more than 350M+ scientific articles | | Inter-Country Input-Output tables (ICIO) | [OECD](https://www.oecd.org/en/data/datasets/inter-country-input-output-tables.html) | International statistics mapping flows of production, consumption, investment and international trade in goods and services between countries, broken down by economic activity | | US Environmentally-Extended Input-Output tables (USEEIO) | [US environmental protection agency](https://www.epa.gov/land-research/us-environmentally-extended-input-output-useeio-technical-content) | Combined economic-environmental models, from which inputs and value adds can be derived for a wide variety of commodities | | World electricity final consumption by sector | [IEA](https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/world-electricity-final-consumption-by-sector-1974-2019) | Global sector level electricity consumption statistics | | Structural and Demographic Business Statistics (SDBS) | [OECD](https://www.oecd.org/en/data/datasets/inter-country-input-output-tables.html) | Database on turnover, value-added, production, operating surplus, employment, labour costs and investment on sectoral and country level | | Company websites and reports | Multiple | Company websites and reports contain information on the core business of the companies | | Greenhouse gas emission conversion factors | [UK Government](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2019) | GHG emission conversion factors issues by UK government | | Lifecycle CO2 equivalent for electricity production | [IPCC](https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ipcc_wg3_ar5_annex-ii.pdf#page=26) | CO2e emissions over the lifecycle of different electricity production methods | | Environmental impacts of food | [OurWorldInData](https://ourworldindata.org/environmental-impacts-of-food) | Statistics on GHG emissions per kilogram of food product | | IPCC Sixth Assessment Report | [IPCC](https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar6/) | A report assessing the latest scientific knowledge on climate change | | Biofuels default GHG emissions | [European commission](https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset/jrc-alf-bio-biofuels_jrc_annexv_com2016-767_v1_july17) | GHG emission factors for biofuels | | “CO₂ emissions” at OurWorldinData.org | [Our World In Data](https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions) | Statistics on global CO2 emissions | | Criticality levels of raw materials | [European Union](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/raw-materials/areas-specific-interest/critical-raw-materials_en) | List of critical raw materials | | The Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 | [UN Convention on Biological Diversity](https://www.unep.org/resources/report/global-biodiversity-outlook-5-gbo-5) | A global assessment of biodiversity trends and the progress made toward achieving international biodiversity goals | | New Nature Economy Report Series | [World Economic Forum](https://www.weforum.org/publications/new-nature-economy-report-series/) | Reports focused on the economic risks posed by biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation | | Biodiversity: Finance and the Economic and Business Case for Action | [OECD](https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/biodiversity-finance-and-the-economic-and-business-case-for-action_a3147942-en.html) | A report analysing the financial challenges and opportunities associated with biodiversity conservation | | Seafood sustainability database | [Seafoodwatch](https://www.seafoodwatch.org/) | Database on the environmental aspects of different seafood species and farming practices considering overfishing, bycatch, habitat damage, and pollution | | Agricultural land use | [Our World In Data](https://ourworldindata.org/land-use) | Statistics on land use of different food products | | The Global Burden of Disease study | [Lancet](https://www.thelancet.com/gbd) | The Global Burden of Disease study is a research initiative led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation that assesses the impact of various diseases, injuries, and risk factors on global populations | | Death rates per unit of electricity production | [OurWorldInData](https://ourworldindata.org/safest-sources-of-energy) | Hannah Ritchie (2020) article and data on the death rates from accidents and air pollution per terawatt-hour of electricity for different electricity production methods | | Occupational injuries per 100'000 workers by economic activity | [ILOSTAT](https://rshiny.ilo.org/dataexplorer4/?lang=en\&id=INJ_NFTL_ECO_RT_A) | Fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries per 100'000 workers by ISIC and by country | | Essential medicines list | [World Health Organisation](https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2021.02) | Medicines which satisfy the priority health care needs of a population, selected based on public health relevance and comparative cost-effectiviness | | The Global Burden of Disease study | [Lancet](https://www.thelancet.com/gbd) | A global research initiative assessing the impact of various diseases, injuries, and risk factors on global populations | | Essential medicines list | [World Health Organisation](https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2021.02) | Medicines which satisfy the priority health care needs of a population, selected based on public health relevance and comparative cost-effectiviness. | | Nutritional values database | [Government of Canada](https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/healthy-eating/nutrient-data/canadian-nutrient-file-2015-download-files.html) | Nutritional content of different food products. | | Detailed average prices | [Eurostat](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Archive:Consumer_prices_-_detailed_average_prices#Database) | Average prices of different food products. | | Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) | [OECD](https://www.oecd.org/skills/piaac/) | PIAAC is a worldwide study on cognitive and workplace skills | | Tax revenue | [World Bank & OECD](https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS) | Tax revenue (% of GDP) per country | | The Global Labour Income Share and Distribution | [ILO](https://webapps.ilo.org/ilostat-files/Documents/Labour%20income%20share%20and%20distribution.pdf) | Report and statistics on the distribution of global labor income | | Lists of critical infrastructure | [US government](https://www.cisa.gov/critical-infrastructure-sectors) | US government listing of critical infrastructure | | List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor (ILAB 2022) | [ILAB](https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods) | A list of goods and their source countries where there is reason to believe that child labor or forced labor is used | | Conflict minerals regulation | [European Union](https://policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/development-and-sustainability/conflict-minerals-regulation/regulation-explained_en) | List of minerals with a risk of financing armed groups, fuel human rights abuses and support corruption |